Fertilization
Apply fertilizers sparingly, using those that contain slow-release, water-insoluble forms of nitrogen. Fertilizer applications depend on such factors as grass species, soil type and permeability, and your location in the state. To save water and to avoid thatch buildup, disease and excessive growth, follow these University of Florida-recommended practices:
- Fertilize in moderation. More is not necessarily better. Read and follow all fertilizer label instructions.
- For Bahiagrass, apply 2 to 3 pounds of nitrogen per 1,000 square feet per year in the northern part of Florida, and 2 to 4 pounds per 1,000 square feet in the central and southern areas of Florida. For St. Augustinegrass, annual nitrogen needs range from 2 to 4 pounds in the north, 2 to 5 pounds in the central area and 4 to 6 pounds in the south. For specifics in your area, contact your local county Extension office.
- Fertilize only during the growing season. Allow a month between autumn application and the time of freeze, if possible, allowing new growth to harden off and become less vulnerable to frost.
- Feed in the spring with a complete micronutrient fertilizer.
- Use a 1:1 ratio of nitrogen to potassium (first and last numbers on the bag). Test for phosphorus; apply only if lacking. Florida soil is naturally high in phosphorus, so ideal fertilizer is 15-0-15; if not available, use 16-4-8.
- Use pesticides only when needed and just on affected areas.
- Do not apply fertilizer when more than 1 inch of rainfall is predicted in the next 48 hours. Leaching and runoff of nutrient-contaminated water may occur.